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UID:1114@biology.technion.ac.il

DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Jerusalem:20220815T130000

DTEND;TZID=Asia/Jerusalem:20220815T133000

DTSTAMP:20220818T115348Z

URL:https://biology.technion.ac.il/en/seminars/msc-graduate-seminar-noa-sh
 imon/

SUMMARY:MSc Graduate Seminar-Noa Shimon [No Categories]
DESCRIPTION:Location:   \n Affiliation: \n Host:\n Studying the functionals
 ignificance of RNA editing and duplicated genomic regions in Caenorhabditi
 selegans\n\nRNAediting is a phenomenon of RNA sequence alteration after tr
 anscription ineukaryotes. In mammals\, the most common alterations studied
  are -Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I editing) and Cytidine-to-Uridine (C-to-
 U editing).A-to-I RNA editing is catalyzed by the conserved ADAR (Adenosin
 e Deaminasesthat Act on RNA) members on dsRNAs. To date\, in C. elegans\, 
 only thistype of editing has been demonstrated. The second alteration – 
 C-to-U editing-is known to be catalyzed by the APOBEC (ApolipoProtein B mR
 NA Editing enzyme\,Catalytic polypeptide) family in mammals within ssDNA a
 nd RNA. Our lab hasrecently found that the protein-coding gene with an unk
 nown function ZK287.1(termed abec-1) in C. elegans is homologous to the hu
 man APOBECfamily\, both in sequence and structure. Therefore\, we looked f
 or C-to-U editingin the nematode. We could not detect C-to-U RNA editing a
 nd have indicationsthat C-to-U editing on DNA does not occur as well. Howe
 ver\, in worms lackingZK287.1\, we observed expression and editing changes
  in A-to-I edited genes\,indicating a possible function of ZK287.1 on A-to
 -I RNA editing process.\n\nWe alsostudied how wide the gene duplication ph
 enomena is in C. elegans and itspurpose. Therefore\, we built a computatio
 nal pipeline to identify duplications.We found 242 different genes or pseu
 dogenes that have duplications\, identicalin sequence. We hypothesized tha
 t the duplicated pairs regulate the expressionof each other via the genera
 tion of dsRNA\, whichis recognized by the RNAi pathway and A-to-I RNA edit
 ing. Studying A-to-I RNAediting\, we found that 24% of the genes with du
 plications are edited\,which is highly significant. Furthermore\, our anal
 ysis of siRNA-sequencing dataof wildtype C. elegans worms and ADAR mutan
 t worms (adr-1(tm668) I\; adr-2 (ok735) III)\, at two different deve
 lopmental stages\,revealed that siRNAs targeting the genes with duplicatio
 ns are significantlyupregulated in the ADAR mutant worms\, similarly to th
 e pattern exhibitedby A-to-I edited genes. Surprisingly\, our analyses of
  RNA-sequencing dataof the same worm strains did not detect downregulation
  of the genes withduplications\, as observed in edited genes. Thus\, possi
 bly duplicated genes aretargeted by ADAR proteins\; however\, we still do 
 not know if this editingaffects the regulation of expression or function a
 nd how.\n\n \n\n \n\n 13 

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